In the past, gastrointestinal endoscopy was an effective method to help detect and accurately evaluate lesions in the lining of the digestive tract, such as inflammation, ulcers, esophagus, and stomach cancers. It is impossible to assess the invasiveness of these lesions with conventional endoscopy. However, with endoscopic ultrasound, these difficulties have been solved.

The use of fine needle aspiration cytology under the guidance of ultrasound or percutaneous biopsy to obtain specimens for histopathological examination still faces many disadvantages, as it is hard to perform because these lesions are located deep in the abdomen and surrounded by large blood vessels and covered by organs. However, since the advent of endoscopic ultrasound, the limitations of the above methods have been overcome.

According to the World Health Organization, the application of science and technology in the medical profession has become increasingly popular. In Vietnam, the Ministry of Health has also affirmed that the application of science and technology in medical examination and treatment is achieving many outstanding results in reducing the rate of complications in surgery and bringing about the patient's quality of life.